Additional Information

Description

Phenytoin 125 mg/5 mL USP is an oral suspension used as an antiepileptic medication for the prevention and treatment of seizures. It is particularly effective in controlling tonic-clonic (grand mal) and partial seizures, including complex partial seizures. By stabilizing neuronal activity, phenytoin helps reduce the frequency and severity of epileptic episodes.

The mechanism of action of phenytoin involves stabilizing hyperexcitable neuronal membranes and reducing repetitive neuronal firing by blocking voltage-dependent sodium channels. This inhibition prevents the excessive firing of neurons associated with seizure activity. Phenytoin does not affect the resting potential of the neurons, ensuring that regular neural communication remains intact.

This medication is typically administered orally and is supplied as a suspension with a concentration of 125 mg per 5 mL. Common side effects include dizziness, nausea, gum hypertrophy, and skin rashes. Phenytoin suspension should be stored at controlled room temperature, shaken well before use, and kept tightly closed to ensure potency and effectiveness.